What characteristic is absent in the urban planning of the Egyptian civilization?

The characteristic absent in the urban planning of the Egyptian civilization is zoning regulations. This is because ancient Egyptian urban planning relied heavily on the hierarchical organization of space rather than formalized zoning. Cities were often centered around monumental architecture such as temples and administrative centers, with residential areas developing organically rather than through a system of designated zones for specific uses such as residential, commercial, or industrial activities.

In contrast, defensive walls were a common feature in many ancient cities, providing protection against invasions. Defined housing blocks can also be seen in various settlements, indicating an organized approach to residential patterns. Urban mobility, while not as developed as in contemporary contexts, was facilitated through the design of streets and pathways, especially around marketplaces and temples. Thus, zoning regulations, as we understand them today with designated and regulated uses for land and developments, were not a formal part of ancient Egyptian urban planning processes.