Which ancient settlement was established in Israel around 9000 BC?

The ancient settlement established in Israel around 9000 BC is Jericho. Jericho is often considered one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and has significant archaeological evidence supporting its long history. The site reveals that it was a major settlement during the Natufian culture, which is associated with early agriculture.

Jericho's early inhabitants engaged in farming and constructed fortified structures, indicating advanced socio-political organization for its time. The well-preserved remains of ancient walls and other structures provide insight into early urban life and community organization.

While Sodom is a well-known biblical city, its historical existence and timeline remain less certain, and it is typically associated with different themes than those represented by Jericho. Babylon, located in modern-day Iraq, rose to prominence later in the ancient Near East and was established long after Jericho. Tyre, located in present-day Lebanon, also developed as a significant Phoenician city during a later period and is not tied to the early Neolithic culture of Jericho.

Thus, Jericho stands out as the most relevant answer, recognized for its ancient origins and continued relevance in historical studies regarding early human settlement and societal development.