Which cities are noted for their gardens as major elements in urban design?

The cities of Karlsruhe and Versailles are particularly noted for their gardens as central elements in urban design due to their intentional layout and integration of green spaces into the urban fabric.

In Karlsruhe, the city's design is centered around the magnificent palace, and its gardens radiate outward, creating a fan-like arrangement of avenues and parks. This design exemplifies the harmonious relationship between built structures and natural landscapes. The gardens serve not only as recreational spaces but also as a method of organizing the city, providing a visual focal point and enhancing the overall aesthetic appeal.

Versailles is renowned for its opulent gardens which are a crucial element of its identity. The gardens, designed by André Le Nôtre, extend the grandeur of the palace into the landscape. They feature a highly structured design with geometric layouts, fountains, and meticulously maintained greenery, reflecting the ideals of French formal garden design. These gardens were influential in shaping garden design across Europe and underscore the importance of green spaces in grand urban planning.

In contrast, while the other cities mentioned have their unique historical and cultural significance, they do not specifically emphasize gardens as a major component of urban design in the same way that Karlsruhe and Versailles do. Florence and Venice, for example, are characterized more by their architectural heritage and